Genome MinireviewSequence

mine what kind of element can be identified as conComparative sequence analyses of eukaryotic genes served. This is because orthologs of an element can only and genomic regions are beginning to provide a wealth be found in the descendants of the ancestor in which it of information that is directly relevant to human biolfirst evolved (Figure 1B). This is obvious for proteins that ogy. Functional changes that set us apart from apes are markers for a particular level of biological organizaare identifiable, as are functional constraints in protion, such as eukaryotic cell biology or metazoan signalteins and genomic elements that arose in our relatively ing (left two trees, Figure 1B), but the same applies to distant phylogenetic past. regulatory elements (right two trees, Figure 1B). The set